Character, person, speaker, voice: these English-language terms are at once ubiquitous elements of literary criticism and disputed ones. On the one hand, they have never seemed formal enough: caring about character has long been the sign of the sentimental reader; poetic speakers threaten to usurp, or to dissolve back into, the linguistic codes that summon them. On the other hand, such terms have never felt sufficiently historical: when we call Gilgamesh, Layla and Majnun, Hamlet, Anna Karenina, and Superman “characters,” are we really talking about the same thing at all? How responsive, or not, are literature’s anthropomorphic affordances to differing regimes of social identity? This seminar invites presentations on the formal, historical, or generic dimensions of literary persons or person-effects (including characters, narrators, lyric speakers, personifications, types, and other figures). We seek participants who will bring particular texts (or authors, or traditions) to bear on a shared comparative conversation. How might we teach one another to rethink literature’s persons?

A surge of recent scholarship suggests that these questions have gained fresh urgency. In an age of autofiction, the relation of literature to person may itself be changing: “I’m not interested in character,” Rachel Cusk said in 2018, “because I don’t think character exists anymore.” This seminar asks whether it ever did. Recent reevaluations spring as well from the still-unfolding aftermaths of New Criticism and poststructuralism. As those formalisms have aged, the interpretive habits they once instilled have grown strange. In their wake, some have celebrated the cognitive and affective realities of literary characters; others remain fascinated with the disfiguration, reification, and figural drift that a literary person can occasion. Comparative approaches, with their provincialization of received critical idioms, have further catalyzed scholarly interest. Scholars are renovating our common theoretical edifice in light of the heterogeneity of literature’s populace across time and space.

We invite proposals that link case study to concept, or otherwise suggest how a specific interpretation may yield methodological, theoretical, or historiographic transformation (“rethinking”). Organized by a medievalist and an early modernist, the seminar aspires to dialogue across subfields and language traditions and across the modern/nonmodern divide. We welcome papers on poetry and narrative alike, on topics including—how grammatical forms or literary tropes imply models of the person; literature’s relation to historically shifting socio-political regimes of personhood; what voice has to do with literary persons; the porous boundaries of the person, via the poetics of impersonality; extension of mind, feeling, and will beyond the individual or the human; and the responses, including but beyond identification, that literary persons elicit from readers.